
Each paragraph contains one or more characters.

Each section contains one or more paragraphs. Each document contains one or more “sections,” what everyone else calls chapters or other subdivisions. The programmers did not think about writing as a sequence of words set down on a page, but instead dreamed up a new idea about what they called a “document.” This was effectively a Platonic idea: the “form” of a document existed as an intangible ideal, and each tangible book, essay, love letter, or laundry list was a partial, imperfect representation of that intangible idea.Ī document, as Word’s creators imagined it, is a container for other ideal forms. The original design of Microsoft Word, in the early 1980s, was a work of clarifying genius, but it had nothing to do with the way writing gets done. But I wrote it in an ancient MS-DOS version of WordPerfect that hasn’t been updated since 1997, because WordPerfect is the instrument best suited to the way I think when I write. I submitted this post in a file created by the latest version of Word because Word is the lingua franca of publishing. Almost-forgotten WordPerfect-once the most popular word-processing program, still used in a few law offices and government agencies, and here and there by some writers who remain loyal to it-is a mediocrity that’s almost always right. The word processor that most of the world uses every day, Microsoft Word, is a work of genius that’s almost always wrong as an instrument for writing prose. Take, for example, the instruments used for writing. But the theory of forms is always wrong when applied to political thinking, as every experiment in ideal, utopian politics has proved.Īuden’s contrast between mediocrity that gets things right and genius that is always wrong is useful in thinking about many fields other than politics. “He’s a mediocrity who’s usually right whereas Plato is a man of genius who’s always wrong.” Only a genius could have devised Plato’s theory of the forms-the invisible, intangible “ideas” that give shape to every visible, tangible thing.

“Isocrates reminds me of John Dewey,” Auden said. Naïve-sounding Isocrates had solved problems for which Plato’s grand theories had no answer. In 1947, talking with his learned young secretary about an anthology he was compiling, The Portable Greek Reader, he mentioned Isocrates, a Greek orator whose simple-seeming ideas about relations between rich and poor cities were sane and practical. Auden once said about political philosophers. This post is about word processors, but I got the idea for it from something W.
